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What is cataract surgery

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Cataract surgery is a widely performed procedure to treat cataracts, a condition where the eye's natural lens becomes cloudy, leading to vision impairment. During the surgery, the cloudy lens is carefully removed and replaced with an artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL). This outpatient procedure is generally safe and effective, offering improved vision and enhanced quality of life for patients with cataracts.

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I do vary techniques for cataract surgery depend on Lens Type 

• Phacoemulsification

• Extracapsular Cataract extraction

• Scleral fixation 

• Small incision Cataract surgery 

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Types of artificial intraocular lenses (IOLs) include:

 

1. Monofocal IOL is an intraocular lens that provides clear vision at a single distance, typically for distance vision. It can correct pre-existing refractive errors such as nearsightedness or farsightedness. Monofocal IOLs are commonly used in general hospitals in Thailand.

2. Toric IOL is an artificial intraocular lens designed to correct astigmatism. It addresses both the cataract and the astigmatism, providing improved vision by having different powers in different meridians of the lens.

3. Multifocal IOL is an artificial intraocular lens that provides vision at multiple distances. It is popularly used in private hospitals and internationally. However, the choice of intraocular lens depends on various factors, and consulting with the surgeon is necessary. Factors to consider include eye condition, occupation, and lifestyle, as different types of intraocular lenses have their advantages and disadvantages.

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Patient selection

• Blurry or hazy vision that affects daily activities.

• Difficulty seeing clearly at night or in low-light conditions.

• Sensitivity to glare and bright lights.

• Colors appearing faded or yellowed.

• Frequent changes in eyeglass prescriptions that do not improve vision.

• Impaired ability to read or perform tasks due to poor vision. It is important for patients to consult with an eye care professional to determine if cataract surgery is the appropriate course of treatment for their specific condition.

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​​Preoperative instruction

• Practice sleeping with a cloth covering your face for 7 days, 30 minutes per day, before the surgery.

• Stop taking anti blood clotting  medications 7 days prior to the surgery.

• Administer antibacterial eye drops 7 days before the surgery.

• Begin using eyelid skin preparation pads .

• Take a shower, wash your face, and shampoo your hair on the morning of the surgery appointment.

• Wear comfortable clothing and a button-down shirt.

• Consume easily digestible food before the surgery.

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Step for Procedure

Step 1 : Anesthesia and antibiotic eye drop every 5 minute before surgery

Step 2 : Surgery depend on each technique

Step 3 : IOLs implantation 

Step 4 : Cover the eye with eye pad and eye shield. 

Step 5 : Ptosis correction procedure will perform

Step 6 :  Skin closure by small suture

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Postoperative instruction

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• On the first day after the surgery, it is advisable to rest as much as possible, sleep with your head elevated at a 45-degree angle, and avoid sleeping on the side that was operated on. Do not touch or rub your eyes.

• One day after the surgery, the doctor will schedule an appointment to open and clean your eyes using a saline-soaked cotton swab, gently wiping from the inner corner to the outer corner until they are clean.

• It is recommended to wear sunglasses during daylight hours in outdoor settings as specified, and use an eye shield only when sleeping for a period of one month.

• Avoid getting water in your eyes for one month.

• Instead of washing your face normally, use a damp cloth to gently cleanse it. Be cautious to avoid getting water in your eyes. If you need to shampoo your hair, it is advisable to do so at a salon or have a family member assist you.

• Refrain from engaging in heavy exercise or lifting heavy objects for one month, and avoid bending down to pick up items below waist level.

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These recommendations are based on my experience and standard care. And  are intended for patients undergoing surgery with me. They may differ from other surgeon in some details.

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